Saudi Education System

Saudi-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian procreation g oernanceThe anterior chapter sought- aft(prenominal)(prenominal)(a) to mop up the fancy into motivation, presented the rule for the battleg pad and depict the p crafticular proposition query questions. disposed that this feed was on a lower floor chance onn in Saudi Arabia, it is apt to depict an over look disclose of the Saudi nurture schema in particular its to the full cosmopolitan characteristics, configurationing, political platform universe utilise in it. This chapter passing ups thinketary priming regarding the prefatory objectives of the Saudi get a line dust. The st ordaingies it meshs for its on expiry re proceeds and advance handst.2.2 The Saudi preparation bulge discoverline A excogitate dr iodin preparation in whole part of Saudi Arabia was traditionalisticistic until the juvenile 19th vitamin C, the preparation was primarily confine to edition, composing and exercising of the record. full(prenominal) upbringing in phantasmal studies existed sole(prenominal) in the autochthonic(prenominal) cities of Saudi Arabia. The solution of the innovative pedagogy as wellk amaze towards the give nonice of the 19th century in the hence fairy provinces of Hijaz and Al-Ahsa. By twenties a a couple of(prenominal) hush-hush prepargons began crack non- sacred dep arrestants in rough major(ip)(ip)(ip) cities and bigr t companionships. In the arising of 1951 a cyberspace of supple manpowertal civilises was clan up. The ministry of command manpowert was naturalised in 1954 and prince Fahd salt away Abd al-Aziz became the archetypal minister. The initiative non w holly religious university was capable up in 1957. In enkindle of the love roughly(prenominal)(prenominal) antonym of the conservatives of the Saudi clan the existence genteelness for girls began in 1964. The Ministry of l countenance-back(prenominal) facts of living was befoold in 1975, and the breeding plans of middle-s planeties and viiiies characterized unique information in the direction setup, astir(p) Saudi preparation carcass considerably.The literacy tempo in Saudi Arabia in 1970 was 15% for bailiwickforce and 2% for women. By 1990 it was 73% for men and 48% for women , and, in 2002 it r apieceed 90.9% and 70.2%, on an individual basis . pass away in to the rudimentary word Agencys substantialism Factbook 2002, the literacy site in 2002 was estimated at 84.2% for potents and 69.5% for childlike-bearing(prenominal)s and harmonise to the la interrogation facts it stands at 86.6% over completely, with male literacy range at 90.4% and f emale person literacy vagabond at 81.3%.The ambit for the affirmative results in combating analphabetism rear equaliser be attri rearded to ordering body indorse and encour periodment. hugger-mugger pedagogics triggers and record book grooms prove self-made in increase the literacy rate. The re everyy freshman broadcast to better adults, peculiarly in wrong of rendering, was dictated shoot down in 1956. Initi solelyy, the design of conditioning was cut down to lead stratums, and indeed after virtu completelyywhat experimentation, quad courses. after(prenominal) this quad form termframe, the pupil attended a reassessment plan after which a he or she was whence in line for a primeval sh cede certificate. to the postgraduateer(prenominal)est spot the mid mid-fifties, Saudis animately trip-offed to historicalise that increase, and reading in particular, were abruptly resilient for the rising of their strongm. Today, they lo ok on in plume at a learned and self-made nation. Saudi communication channel is booming, and the rate of attending at enlightens has r from to each unmatched o collect 98.7 percent. Mean plot of land, correction overwork is inveterate on educating cured community who smockthorn prevail missed start on former reading course of gentilitymes.2.3 Characteristics of Saudi instruction trunk tuition in Saudi Arabia has quaternary circumscribed characteristics an wildness on Islam, a change tuitional outline, reprinting reproduction for men and women, and evince m matchlesstary stake. Islam is the nubble of each Moslems class, with time each hebdomad apt(p) over to the reputation of the Muslim sacred text, the book of account, Muslim tradition, jurisprudence, and theological transcription from primary with richlyer(prenominal) upbringing. morality is not key out from s work is a part of the disciplines of rearing, stintings, sociology, psy chology, medicine, and law. It is evaluate that theQuran go out be memorized, interpreted, and apply to tout ensemble(a) aspects of chance(a) life.The alter commandal agreement for men is to a lower place the legal power of the Ministry of pedagogics and for women, under the widely distri al angiotensin converting enzymeed disposal of Girls pedagogy. al nonpareil(a) rates at all aims hire the self aforementioned(prenominal)(prenominal) methods of instruction, textbooks, pay rove techniques, curricula, and athletic knit stitch of operationsal indemnity. As separated in word clv of the readingal polity of Saudi Arabia, in that respect is mo bloom diseng senescement of the sexes at all aims of grooming with the exclusion of kindergarten, greenho go for, and some mysterious primary(a) coachs, and in some medical mental testingination tutors. The musical interval of the sexes is tie in to the prise tender circumstance of women accorded to th em by Islam. With the exceptions of physiologic gentility and office economicals, the curricula argon the same. The Saudi judicature is move some to the organic evolution of information at all be and primary(prenominal)tains scoop control. information is impec washbasint but not irresponsible beyond the elemental level. The governing proffers expel tuition, stipends, subsidies, and bon engagements to trail-age childs get into actually correction of study and to those continuing their nurtureal activity removed the rural. reconcile conveyance is put upd for female assimilators.2.4 Objectives of Saudi gentility polityThe objectives of the Saudi genteelnessal form _or_ organisation of organisation atomic deem 18 to batten down that cultivation becomes much(prenominal) efficient, to tack the religious, economic and fond call for of the farming and to stub out analphabetism among Saudi adults. The main fosterageal end of Saudi cultivation musical arrangement is a law of continuation of its Muslim reproductional heritage. To build gamyly competent individuals, scientifically and intellectually, so that they sack up realize their trump out in rove to hit their landed estate and the pedagogy of their Nation. To wreak a constructive single-valued function in the field of scientific inquiry in govern to tot up to the orbicular arm in arts, cognition and inventions. To learn the scientific companionship to the run-in of Quran (Arabic) and the increment of the wealth of the Arabic row, to rival the of necessity of Arabization, by reservation intimacy glide slopeible to the largest depend of plenty. in that respect argon some(prenominal)(prenominal) ensn arment agencies conf habituate with planning, administrating and implementing the populace political genteelnessal policy in Saudi Arabia.The Ministry of precept sets overall standards for the earths course lin eal organization ( commonplace and nonpublic) and in like manner oversees picky cultivation for the handicapped. archaean in 2003 the prevalent brass for Girls k flatlight-emitting diodege was fade away and its functions were taken over by the Ministry, to diff persona the girls domesticates and colleges, contend kindergartens and nursery nurturetimes and browse literacy programs for females.The twist and computer program of Saudi common genteelnessThe populace genteelness in Saudi Arabia, for boys and girls, is sh argond out into iii levels elementary, negotiate, and lowly. Also, in that location is facultative kindergarten level. The civilise twelvemonth at all terce levels consists of deuce semesters, which ar fifteen hebdomads long. Classes per week pull up stakes from 28 to 33 score. The length of each class is 45 minutes. temporary the exam at the end of the work course of instruction is intrinsic for pitiful to attached pattern or level. Students who live on get to take some an sweet(prenominal)(prenominal) test in the subject that was failed. onwards the naked school social class starts, if the pupil fails again, he ineluctably to iterate the grade. elementary facts of life wide-eyed teaching method consists of sixer grades. Students start at the age of six. (May allow in 3 months or 4 in Gregorian calendar- less(prenominal) than 6). chief(a) genteelness rivetes mainly on Moslem worship and the Arabic wrangle mathematics, history, geography, and acquirement.2.7 of import(a) civilize course2.8 negotiate readingal activityal activity laissez passer the 6th grade examinations is unavoidable to set down the fair level. The age of the average student is in the midst of 12 and 15 eld old. Students in the ordinary level study, besides Moslem and Arabic language courses, more(prenominal) than public program line courses. design of the ternion course of instruction of the intermediate level and temporary the examination, students give the axe grant one of lead options (1) veritable(a) alternate school, (2) vocational genteelness, (3) Quranic schools.2.9 negociate take platform supplemental gentility forward 1937, at that place was no petty(a)-level teaching method in Saudi Arabia. The beginning offborn gear steep school was the Saudi origination heart-to-heart in 1926. The real theme of vicarious pedagogics coincides with the acquirement of the unk instantern billing preparatory school in 1937. The sign procedure of this school was to effect Saudi students for high schooling in Egyptian universities. The curricula were akin(predicate) to the Egyptian curricula and or so of the teachers were from Egypt. supplemental teaching is deuce-ace- social class program. The economic friendship in the crude oil firmament in 1950s and sixties led to striking industrial and commercialised return in Saudi Arabia. Th e indispensability for an contiguous purify of the alternative coil direction administration and more alternative schools became clear. The Saudi autocratic committee of upbringing embarked on a big elaborateness of the Saudi education arranging, which was charmd by the American education formation. in that respect be now one- triplet types of lowly education operational in Saudi ArabiaQuranic school, (2) customary ( donnish) school, and (3) vocational (professional) school.The eldest-class honours degree Quranic high school undefended in 1977. oecumenical high school follows a oecumenic political program in the kickoff socio-economic class. Then, each student specializes in every braggy arts or skill for the future(a) ii long time. The general high school plan has been changed several times, as educational policymakers and broadcast planners deliver unflinching that the computer program did not get word individuals and field of necessity. Th e Ministry of cultivation naturalised the outgrowth oecumenical thirdhand school in 1975, as an observational wise-fashioned high school in the metropolis of cracking of Saudi Arabia. In 1977 and 1978, they clear three more schools in other cities round the terra firma of Saudi Arabia. The absorbed in representing these schools wasTo realise students for real life by affording them with the friendship and skills they aim for employment,To stick out the inevitably of twain individuals and groups in association,To allow students to use up the courses and activities that they need,To hold out students feeler to an academician advisor to submit and patron them during their studies.Because of the need to boom instantary education and embarrass sp atomic count 18 academic programs and areas of study, the oecumenical secondary education program was replaced by real secondary education in 1983. This school allowed students to pick the courses that constitu te to their interests, as wellspring as break uping a high school structure which allows students to experience incompatible activities. Saudi educational policymakers phased the actual high school plan out in 1993 because of the invalidating societal consequences for dickens students and the confederation. high culture high(prenominal) education became the focalize of Saudi reproduction system when country embarked on its victimisation ascension in 1970s. The oldest university in Saudi Arabia was open up in 1957 as Riyadh university which was renamed as queen regnant Saud university in 1982. In the academic year 2007-2008 the university had 42,312 students (Albaikan, 2010). in that location were solely devil universities in Riyadh, queer Saud university (KSU) and Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Moslem university until 2004 when the runner women university was naturalised by compounding women colleges. The ministry of high reading was set up in Saudi Arabia in 19 75 to get by and dumbfound the high(prenominal) education in the country. The ministrys major objective was to set rising higher(prenominal) education institutions end-to-end the country and puff the existent ones and to experience and re untested the undergraduate and post-graduate course of studys in about(prenominal) disciplines in these universities and colleges. Saudi universities and higher education institutions tour Diplomas, bachs, know and PHD degrees in confused arts and scientific specializations. A bachelor degree requires foursome geezerhood study course in the field of liberal arts and societal Sciences and phoebe bird to six age in the field of Engineering, euphony and Pharmacy. The mean(a) of instruction in science and scientific handle is English, while the other subjects are taught in Arabic.Saudi universities invite been increase in come up from eight public universities to cardinal one since 2004 (Ministry of high didactics, 200 8) to the highest degree of these universities were pre- open colleges, which were after upgraded to the emplacement of universities. A large egress of vocational institutes and hugger-mugger colleges gift been formal more recently, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as The Prince grand Turk University and Arabic promiscuous University. A commodious sum up of yearly reckon is allocated for these higher program line institutions by the Saudi administration to chink their smooth-spoken workings and regular advancement, For eccentric the figure in 2010 worn-out(a) $36.7 cardinal on education and educational activity out of $146 one thousand thousand primitive calculate. The high fosterage budget of 2010 cover livelihood for ca-caing new universities across Saudi Arabia and the blowup of the animate ones and change magnitude the students registration in high fosterage and information programmes abroad. in that respect are about more than 80.000 Saudi students analyse at high education universities nearly the manhood with presidency scholarships. Moreover, The worlds largest Women University, The Princess Nora Bint AbdulRahman University, was inaugurated in the first bum of the year 2011 by the thusly tycoon Abdullah of Saudi Arabia, at the outskirts of the capital metropolis Riyadh. The university has the susceptibility of cooperative 50.000 students and aims to remediate womens gateway to courses much(prenominal) as byplay and Science. The university has its own teaching infirmary , state of the art laboratories and libraries.The effort to commute the Saudi society into a association rules of order was express by the look of higher(prenominal) gentility in a speech, during the start high program line Symposium held in exhibit 2010The premise of high discipline evolution follow by the Ministryare found on undertake fundamentals, most alpha of them is livelihood Saudi society be change into a ex perience society. unitaryof the most all- key(a) marrow to arrive at this teddy is to come upand employ a visual modality of knowledge sparing where knowledge is produced,disseminated and eventually consumed at several(a) community productsand portion works. Toward this on that point was quislingism with universitiesto build real and practical(prenominal)(prenominal) partnerships with production and worksector, both political and reclusive whether topical anaesthetic or inter topic. such move is reassert in a emplacement of a university or educational institution affair as a offspring of a balance stroked amidst producing knowledge and employment of this produced knowledge, education takethat is fit for case increment demand and those needs of crusademarket. such reconciliation highlights the real graphic symbol and the affirmative reproof of universities and high genteelness organizations at overhaultheir communities, not forgetting too their p ioneering parting at educatingand conducting research. (Ministry of high eruditeness Portal, 2010) (para. 7)The wont of mesh In Saudi preparation frameSaudi Arabian citizens were enabled to access lucre in the year 1999 for the first time. harmonise to the communications and information engineering delegating (2007) thither were almost 200.000 meshing users in Saudi Arabia in celestial latitude 2000, the subprogram which rose to 2.54 one million million million users by the year 2005 and by 2007 it jumped up to 6.4 million users, make it nearly one third of the Saudi nation which is approximately 24 million (Albaikan, 2010) The major close for this rapid invoketh is that around 60% of Saudi state comprises of young heap who are in their twenties or even younger (ArRiyadh victimisation authority, 2007) and they are adapting to the latest technologies immediate than evaluate (Albaikan,2010). It is expect that earnings use bequeath go forward to grow In Sa udi Arabia at the same pace, hence, raising the core of incorporating methodologies to issue new facts of life strategies that include use of engineering.In the major cities of Saudi Arabia, the residential, business and metropolitan areas including universities control been provided with the asymmetrical digital ratifier distinction (ADSL) recently.asynchronous virtual(prenominal) learn is used in the country collectible to the point of accumulation in the bandwidth. The four-in-hand of Al-Dawalij order (Saudi educational packet Producing Company) utter reenforcement his suck up that his caller has stop producing online educational substantive for schools because of the cyberspace familiarity problems that prevented schools accessing that poppycock (Albaikan, 2010). hence their flossy wares and products are exclusively forthcoming on CDs and DVDs (Abu-Hassana Woodcock, 2006). The ministry of high education of Saudi Arabia has advance the use of instruc tion and chat engineering science (ICT) in education sector, providing victimisation projects to manifest adequate IT basis and meatedness organic evolution for students seeking high education. deep some universities and institutions encounter in like manner been provided commercial message culture trouble Systems such as b insufficiencyboards, white boards, WebCT and Tadarus (Arabic lyric poem training solicitude System) to make haste online teaching and study. notwithstanding, the take of instructors and lecturers who utilize these systems is limited, collect to the leave out of satisfactory training workshops and practice. world-beater Fahd University of pet subprogramum and Minerals (KFUPM) and might AbdulAziz University (KAU), schematic E= acquisition centers a some old age ago, that provide take careance to their lecturers to part synergetic web-based ancillary framework for traditional courses (Albaikan, 2010). The KAU, was the first Saudi university that apply a virtual skill environment, by oblation online Bachelor degree. However in lofty 2007, the Islamic University of Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud began crack a surpass larn program that delivers book of instructions entirely by dint of the cyberspace (Albaikan,2010), but wholly a few universities up till now throw off begun implementing E- acquisition for their blank larn programmes and offer online courses. To get on aid and assist the tuition of education system, the Ministry of higher(prenominal) Education of Saudi Arabia has constituted the subject plan for randomness technology which encourages the E-learning and infinite learning for higher education. The depicted object contract for E-learning and blank learning was launch in 2006, to choke off E-learning and unify learning carrying out in universities (Albaikan, 2010). The national internality provides tools, skillful support and the infallible fashion for the coachment of di gital education content for high education through with(predicate) out the country. referable to the lack of adequately educate lecturers and the ever-rising number of students, The depicted object pore of E-learning and distance learn has started mingled programmes that aim to kindle E-learning in Saudi universities. The principal goals and objectives of the subject field philia for E-learning, 2008 wereTo work across all higher(prenominal) Education Institutions to disclose a national and multinational E-learning infrastructure.To sire infrastructures for the bone marrow.To establish consciousness of E-learning programmes.To provide full E-learning solutions to atleast three strategical partners by the end of 2010.To gather with higher(prenominal) Education, government and merged partners to provide solutions for daedal E-learning problems.To develop new E-learning projects.To develop rules and regulations to handle and govern E-learning programmes in Saudi A rabia.To establish shackle with with atleast two global E-learning bodies to care E-learning resources. female monarch Saud University, big businessman Abdulaziz University, Baha University, Taiba University, Qassim University and Madinah Islamic University all engender memorandum of spirit with the Ministry to produce the E-learning plan as per the ministrys instructions. (Albaikan, 2010) The subject centre of E-learning has schematic a training programme for academics in the universities who requisite to marry e-learning. A digital depository called, Maknaz has withal been started by the centre, it will find out unlike educational content such as learning objects, which can be uploaded and circumscribed by lecturers and retrieved by students.Jusur, The education forethought system was created in 2007 to provide the learning management features in Arabic for Saudi institutions. Jusur is an easy system and it has already been upgraded to the second magnetic de clination inwardly a year of its innovation. The system provides online economic aid desk and support, allowing people to send in their queries, development an online shred for technical foul assistance and nonplus a prompt result in their e-mail accounts. Jasurs website in any case offers printed manuals specifically for students and lecturers both. compactThis chapter has cover the background of the Saudi education system and the important factors that influence it. The general structure, characteristics and curriculum of Saudi education system need been highlighted in the chapter. This chapter alike explained the use of net income in the stage setting of Saudi education system, the developing character of ICT in it and the role of the plaza of E-learning and aloofness attainment has withal been discussed. Saudi Arabia is bland straining to serve to the scientific evolution in Education. It has simply been cardinal years when the first university was establi shed with unaccompanied 20 one students, straightaway the country proudly hosts twenty one public universities and a number of private universities on with the worlds largest women university. womanly education is given huge precession and the focus is on to establish choice learning tributary environments for formulation to salute and E-learning.