The relationship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with its neighbouring countries and with the United States

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has cordial relations with most of its neighbouring countries, especially those that are part of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). It has made significant efforts to settle disputes regarding borders and helped considerably in improving the relations with Yemen and United Arab Emirates. Although relations with Iraq were tense after the Kuwait invasion, they got better in 2003 when the regime was overthrown. In 2008, Prince Saud al Faisal aimed to appoint an ambassador in Iraq and initiated a diplomatic mission in Baghdad. It has been a mediator in regional crises and has supported the Palestianian-Israel negotiations. Saudia Arabia’s role in the Gulf War has helped it in developing new allies in 1991 and improving its existing relations. King Abdullah has played a big role in providing monetary assistance and resolved regional crises in Sudan, Lebanon and Somalia. Although the relations between Saudi Arabia and Algeria, Libya and Tunisia were strained after the Kuwait invasion, now they have returned back to normal. Relations were Jordan are also very good. United States knowing that Saudi Arabia has the largest oil reserves and a strategic location has always tried to stregthen ties with this nation. In 1944, the United States embassy opened in Jeddah but diplomatic relations established a long way before that in 1933. The embassy in Jeddah later became the Consulate General for United States. The two countries share common economic interests, concerns over sustainable development, terrorism and security. Having good relationships with these countries is important because United States is highly dependent on the oil exports of Saudi Arabia. Whereas, US is the largest trading partner for Saudia Arabia. Exports from United States also find their way into Saudi Arabia as it is the largest market for US exports in the Middle East region. The US also provides training and support in terms of weapons and security services to the Saudi forces. Saudi Arabia has also bought military weaponary and other equipment from the United States. The prosperity of both countries lies in building and maintaining good relationships with each other.

Racial Profiling Essay

Racial profiling is a big issue. Many people have been victimized because of cops and other high authorities’ senseless attitudes on how to handle the law. What people have to realize is that racial profiling does happen to innocent people who are mostly targeted or pursued because of their race or sometimes even because of their religion. These things can also cause citizens to become very angry and unwilling to cooperate with law enforcement. Racial profiling has been the cause of many outbreaks of riots. There has even been many riots because of innocent people being racial profiled against; causing citizens to become antagonistic, bitter, and hateful towards the law. This can be a problem because they even target good police. The cause of racial profiling can start not only hostile attitudes, but a shift in the views of how police treat citizens. Racial profiling is a method that police and other law enforcement agents use to catch someone who has committed a crime or is about to commit one. It is a controversial method. In fact, even the meaning of racial profiling is controversial† (Kops, Pg. 9). Racial profiling is a very controversial topic, because this topic makes people uneasy to talk about. It’s especially hard for victims who have been racial profiled against because of the memory of their terrible experience. â€Å"In 1942, over 120,000 American were stripped of their business and their homes and incarcerated for the duration of World War II. They had committed no offense. They were convicted of no crime. They were suspected, subjected to curfews, arrested, had their property confiscated, and finally imprisoned because of the color of their skin and their national origin or the national origin of their parents† (Meeks, Pg. ). Situations like this can cause a shift in the government where they have constant issues on how to approach citizens because of the fear of being accused of discriminating against people. This sometimes has citizens wondering is it okay for police to check you if they â€Å"think† you are committing a crime? Well there have been mixed answers when the law is confronted with this question. Also this can cause tension between cops and the law enforcement because of all the animosity and stress of being constantly accused of racial profiling. There have been retired cops who have written books talking about their experience as a cop. Some give details that outsiders wouldn’t know about the cop’s secret jobs. Is it possible that good police are afraid? This could be the reason why; they could also be afraid that if they tell too much they could possibly lose their job. But just as there are good cops, there are also bad cops. Like the ones who harass people for no reason; simply because of the physical features. â€Å"An officer’s daily duties require them to violate the rights of others, without question, on a repeated basis (see video – 2min in). Police routinely fine or jail, at taxpayer expense, people whose crimes lack an actual victim. Whether it is for driving without a license, disorderly conduct or illegal drugs, police are the ones enforcing such laws. More surprisingly is it seems they do so only because they are told to, and believe such violations are acceptable to keep others safe (this doesn’t even include officers who blatantly and knowingly abuse their power)† (Freeman). Is it a thing of giving law enforcement too much power? Many people have many complaints that the law has access to how they suspect if the person is in the wrong. This is a prime example of why there can be a separation between cops. However, often many good cops are targeted for a crooked cop’s bad deed. With this happening it scares away potential cops; who are afraid of this horrible thing happening to them, which has citizens and other authorities on edge. The lack of law enforcement would be a huge problem; without the law the crime rate could possibly reach an ultimate high. Law enforcement is supposed to be put in place as a security, and protection for citizens. But how can you trust them when they also commit crimes. It makes it even harder for citizens to report a crime because they are afraid of what might happen to them. Bad cops are considering somewhat professionals at pulling big schemes. They can pull off these schemes because of the connections they have with even high authorities. Some schemes could be tied to drug trafficking and many other things. But are once they are accused of such heinous crime, why are these issues sometimes forgotten about? It’s like the process of prosecuting these police are constantly kept quiet. Well it’s about time that it’s brought public. â€Å"Negative stereotypical biases of African-American males overshadow any appearances that they are law-abiding citizens. Indeed, in the eyes of many law enforcement officers, an African-American male driving a Mercedes-Benz projects the presumption of illegal activity, not the presumption of a hard working citizen† (Weatherspoon). Keeping these things private can cause more attention to what are they really doing. But no one is taking a stand and asking questions; simply because of fear of becoming a target of the police. â€Å"The term driving while black has been used to describe the practice of law enforcement officials to stop African-American drivers without probable cause. The practice particularly targets African-American males. African-American males are not only singled out while driving, but also while schooling, eating, running for political office, walking, banking, serving as a juror, getting a taxi, shopping, and just being black and a male. The mere fact of being black and male in America is sufficient cause for governmental and private law enforcement officials to abridge the rights of African-American males. This is not to suggest that law enforcement officers can never consider race when performing their job† (Weatherspoon). African American males are not the only people who are targeted. For example, during the Holocaust Jews were killed, beaten, starved, and a lot of other horrific things all because of their religion and race. â€Å"The European Holocaust of the 1930s and 1940s, which cost millions of Jews (and other ethnic groups) their lives, led many Jews and non- Jews alike throughout the world to believe that a Jewish homeland was necessary. During and after World War II, many Jewish refugees found themselves without a nation and with nowhere to go† (Jones, Johnstone, Pg. 358). Racial profiling seems to never have an end. Many cases you hear about how racial profiling still exists ‘til this very day. The question that everyone should be asking is, â€Å"why should a person race, religion, or beliefs determine how they are judged? â€Å"Racial profiling is an abusive practice that targets innocent citizens solely because of the way that they look. It is not an effective law enforcement strategy. Research shows that racial profiling diverts officers’ attention from using actual, objective signs of suspicious behavior to effectively assess situations. Racial profiling erodes trust between law enforcement and its community. As a result, people are less likely to report a crime or work with the police to give information that could apprehend an actual criminal† (Elliot). This statement is true; racial profiling really is not a strategic method. Since this method has been put in place it has done nothing but cause an upset to the community. Communities have had negative feelings towards racial profiling. So why is this still a method? No one seems to ask this important question that could change the law enforcement system. Changing the system could make a better relationship between citizens and law enforcement. Because more citizens may be willing to open up more to the law, without feeling like they can’t trust police. Before this solution could be an option the law enforcement should make an extra effort with making sure that the community knows that they can trust they are truly secured. â€Å"While there have been attempts to end racial profiling in Congress, no bill has successfully been passed. Communities across the country have been subjected to this useless, degrading tactic for too long. Now is the time for Congress to reintroduce and pass comprehensive legislature to end racial profiling† (Elliot). Congress has yet to make any decisions about eliminating racial profiling. But that doesn’t mean that change won’t happen. Racial profiling as stated in within this research paper is a very controversial topic, but it also a sad topic. The way a person can be mistreated just because of the color of their skin. When reading the facts about racial profiling it is saddening to know that a person can be humiliated and tortured over nothing. Victims of racial profiling are caught off guard, because they have no clue of why they have become a target. Some people are targeted because of their religion; for example a Muslim lady could become a target of racial profiling because of her head wrapped. Muslims have became targets ever since the 9/11 incident. â€Å"Since September 11, 2001, members of Arab, Muslim, and South Asian communities have increasingly been searched, interrogated and detained in the name of â€Å"national security†, often times labeled â€Å"terrorism suspects† when in reality many were only charged with misdemeanors or minor immigration violations, if they were charged at all† (Racial Profiling: Face the Truth Campaign). African-American males are also targeted, because of how they present themselves. This can make some African- American males uneasy to go out in public, because of the fear of being watched and seen for the clothes they wear. â€Å"As a result, community members become less likely to assist with criminal investigations or seek protection from police when they themselves are victimized, which makes everyone less safe† (Racial Profiling: Face the Truth Campaign). Communities are now starting to stick together, by not helping the police. Some feel that they should not help the police when the police attack innocent people.

Influence of Internet on Students Essay

The influence of internet is uniformly shared by all the age group of the society in spite of being young or old. But the school and college students under the age of 20 are more involved in INTERNET. They have become active users of social networking sites like Orkut, Facebook, and Twitter. Even though these social networking sites have restricted the use by users under the age of 18, there are currently millions of users who overcome this age group restriction and join these sites. The over use of such social networking sites make the younger generation addicted to these sites. As a result, they become less interested in School and College activities and start to lag behind in studies. They are online 24 hours which indeed cause health problems because they do not get enough sleep. They are also crazy about downloading new films of Hollywood and Bollywood which indeed causes problems for film producers as their income gets reduced. There are countless sites in internet through which we can download movies for free. Other than movies, they also download and view content which are not appropriate for their age which makes them addicted to PORN and other vulnerable stuff. They become addicted to these at such young age, which creates problem for them in future. As the activities of youth on internet are not monitored, they do not need to fear anything to misuse the contents available on internet. Also they join bad forums and get involved in hacking and stuff like that which makes the mind of the young reader enslaved to such stuff which takes a lot of effort to recover from. The new generation is enslaved to the world of internet. They destroy their youth by sitting in front of the PC all the time. They do not even trend to go out even for shopping. They do not know the joy of playing outside. In spite of going out and play, they sit at home in front of Pc or gaming consoles such as play station and play violent games which are violent in nature. It is high time that they started thinking about the problems internet is creating on students and restrict the over use of internet.

The British Mandate on Palestine Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The British Mandate on Palestine - Research Paper Example An analysis of the British mandate of Palestine shows gross deception and disregard for the rule of law on the part of the British and their conduct in making promises. This is because the British made their promises prior to seeking the mandate over Palestine from the League of Nations creating a strong sense of discontentment from the parties involved except for France and Britain, who were the major gainers. The mandate, in its deceptive means, established a home for the Jewish people as it allowed the British to buy more land for the resettlement of the Jewish people returning from Europe. The land was only available in Palestine, where the British had the mandate in terms of colonial authority and the British showered the Jews with support as even the British government was in for them. In addition, in the establishment of the mandate, the British are shown to have had plenty of corruption, where Arab agents were used to drumming  up support for them. They were also used as se ntries to develop and establish borders for the British in their division of the land so that the region could be carved out, as was the agreement between them and the French. The British mandate for Palestine stands for deception and treachery against the Arabs and in favor of the Jews, whose fortunes were overturned due to the approval of the League of Nations for Britain to govern the region. The governance features of the British mandate for Palestine involves the major conflict that culminated from the deception of the British, where both Jews and Arabs believed that the British had promised Palestine to them. With this in mind, governing the lands was a difficult concept for the British as it resulted in war, where the Arabs enforced guerilla tactics to force out British forces. On the other hand, the British favored the Jews in many factors allowing governance on the Jewish part to flow smoothly as compared to the Arabs. In addition, due to the creation of a Jewish national homeland, there was the creation of a Jewish agency in Palestine to allow the Jews to administer the migration and their rule as independent people (â€Å"The Jerusalem Fund†).

Ethics in Criminal Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethics in Criminal Justice - Essay Example When a convict or a person charged and accused of committing a crime approaches a criminal justice personnel; this is the main quality that the latter needs to possess. Performing one's duty, which is that of administering justice or striving to obtain justice for an innocent convict in this case, is of prime importance. When the justice personnel is dutiful towards his professions and maintains the ethics and morals of criminal justice, he automatically begets qualities like honesty and loyalty, since he is committed to performing his Duty sincerely. Discretion comes by, in the process too, as he becomes well aware in the process of differentiating right from wrong, while catering to his Duty. Thus, being dutiful is the most important quality, as it brings along with it, a multi-quality persona! The topic for my research is Ethics governing Cyber Laws. The advent of the Internet has created a revolution worldwide and has made life easy for man. However, there are numerous problems and ethical issues cropping up globally, due to the undeniable access and percolation of the Internet into almost every sphere of our activity.

Microeconomic Principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Microeconomic Principles - Essay Example Private property exists in the free market economy, while there is no existence of private property in the command economy. Free markets promote important virtues and they, however are treated with less attention. Free markets promote integrity and cooperative values. A free market system has its reliance on property rights and provides the best possible opportunities for repeat exchange. The social market economy is a type of free market based economy, which is based on a free price system and private property. This also includes government regulation, which promotes competitive markets. But social inequalities or inequalities with respect to income are results of free market economies or free market price systems. Private property is completely different from personal property, because private property is considered as a means of production unlike personal property. â€Å"In addition, the free market performs a constant process of selection with respect to the ownership of capital † (Reisman 8). Another virtue of the free market price system is that this type of price system penalizes people for making irrational choices, especially with respect to financial loss. 2) President Barrack Obama has provided a number of speeches with respect to international trade.... Obama in his various speeches on international trade also said about various policies relating to various countries like, US should tighten its trade sanctions with Zimbabwe and how it should develop measures to increase trade with India. To shorten, Obama has released a number of speeches with respect to international trade. 3) Economists are critical of price floors and price ceilings. A price ceiling is the upper limit of the price of a commodity above which no seller can raise a price. Price ceilings are usually set below the market price of a product. Price floors are completely opposite to price ceiling. Price floor is the minimum price for a product and this is done to benefit the sellers. Both these measures are done in order to have a control over the price of products. Economist are critical of both price floors and price ceilings because somehow they viewpoint that these prices should be established through market equilibrium only. 4) A wage is compensation, typically fina ncial, received by employees in exchange for their work. Compensation in conditions of wages is specified to workers and compensation in terms of salary is given to employees. Compensation is an economic benefit given to workers in return for the services given by them. The labor supply largely resolved by population development and migration; i.e. as labor supply increases, population development increases. Labor demand mostly determined by the growth and size of the financial system, in terms of more economic development, more business actions, more jobs formed. The wages are mainly of two types, they are Market-determined or equilibrium wage and Government-mandated minimum wage. Market-determined wage means the level of

Identify essential qualities the Personal security Detail Essay

Identify essential qualities the Personal security Detail professional, past and present, must possess to better achieve his mi - Essay Example In the past, the training took longer periods and more strategies were used to instill the best qualities in aspirant security personnel. The individuals are trained to be obedient, uphold dignity and have the beauty of gentleness. They are trained in knightly exercise, at that age women were weak and submissive and their men were supposed to protect and fight for them. After 5 years of faithfulness in duties and faced anger, they received knighthood sonority and a solemn ceremony conducted. The knight aspirant received a formal that was of baptism sort to symbolized washing away of sins. Clad in white and a red robe that symbolized the blood that he would shed to protect his community or his master. The mailed fist of the emperor is the military’s force threat. The emperor’s mailed fist and shining armor were built in the spirit of self defense and precaution security personnel in the past did not have a vast of activities they would engage in as compared to the presen t personnel. Theirs was mainly protection of their family, community and country. In the present time, there is a diversity of security needs. The security personnel of the present age go through training for a shorter period compared to the past. The training is rigorous just like the past but technological advances have helped in the training process. The best of the security personnel must be in excellent health as this ensures their efficiency. Good health allows them execute their duties with no hitches at all. Good interpersonal skills are relevant to ensure ease of communication between them and any other party. They must have personal integrity with the highest ethical standards as required in the military force. They must have personal ability based on developed self skills and high intellectual capacity. Personal structure is also important as it enables them portray positive self image and self worth. Honesty, sincerity, industrious and cooperation are also very important . They must have a strong will and abiding self confidence because it is essential for them to create and maintain desire and motivation to be security personnel. They should have sound general knowledge or specialized education which gives them an edge in the security field. Imaginatively, creativity and a high foresight in order to develop new angles of approach to security problems are one of the best qualities that they should possess. Good manners reveal a sense of refinement and impulsive mannerisms must be avoided. In recent times security personnel have been known to be rather aggressive, harsh and cruel to members of the public. Even though aggressiveness is partly necessary, being cruel only worsens matters and an innocent public member may fear to mention their security issues for fear of being misunderstood or reprimanded by the security people. They must be loyal, risk takers, well rounded in knowledge, open minded, confident and have eloquence in the language they use depending on the region they are serving as security personnel. They must have tact, i.e. know the right thing to do, at the right time and in the right way. Broad knowledge of the military force is also of essence because without understanding the field one is, it would be difficult to serve as required. They must be aware of the security needs where they are, any risks or uncertainties in providing their services and measures they can take to handle

Analysis Report on the Airline Industry The Strategic Management Essay

Analysis Report on the Airline Industry The Strategic Management process - Essay Example Strategic options would be used to evaluate the growth and expansion of the industry to establish if the industry has a competitive edge or not and if it measures up with its competitions. . This report employs a methodological approach with huge implications for the reliability of findings while a whole lot of secondary data provides for all the analytical views and conclusions of this paper. The prime reason behind preparing the report is to gain insights into the development of airline industry internationally amidst economic and political turbulences. Airline industry is a growth factor for tourism industry and accounts for the lion’s share of the GDP of many nations (Page 2009:218). Delving deep into the airline sector could throw much light on how economies are developing and what solutions and means are available to them to handle increased competition, globalization and financial downturn. The findings of the report have presented us with favourable results that could motivate the airline carriers and could pave the way for future practices to be developed in airline industry. This paper seeks to present a very clear view in enabling the reader to have a better understanding of the global airline industry’s environmental business climate. In doing this various firms and regional markets that make up the industry are looked into, by examining the competition between the airline operators (service providers), consumers, regulatory implications, weakness of different sectors and regions involved, homogenous threats, the negative and positive trends coming up in the industry and a forecast for the future, if there would be growth or reduction. Importantly, it views the challenges a new provider (entrant) could face within the present industry condition. The industry at the moment is passing through a period of change caused by revolutionary restructuring in the industry, this occurs

Law of Electronic Commerce and the Internet Essay - 1

Law of Electronic Commerce and the Internet - Essay Example The taxation, customs, trade practices, industrial law, bankruptcy, immigration, administration law, patents, copyright, environment law, sexual and racial discrimination, access to information will be dealt by Federal court of Australia. Federal court will hear the class actions that involve seven or more people who have claims against the one defendant. The family court will deal with family laws. It deals with divorce, division of property and maintenance, child related matters, determining parenting orders and plans. The court to appeal on the decision of family court is high court. The magistrates court of the federal legal system deals with providing the action for litigants and eases the work load of the federal and family court. Thus it works as a complex lessening part in the federal judicial system as the jurisdiction is concurrent with family and federal court. 1 The state legal system's first stage is the magistrate court. The state coroner's office, victims of crimes assistance tribunal, work related injuries and perin courts are part of this system. The majority of the criminal and civil matters that proceed to court will be dealt by magistrate court. The offences of less serious in nature will be dealt by this court system. It is having civil jurisdiction and is the immediate court that can be approached in any case. The next stage in the state legal system is the county court of Victoria. It has both criminal and civil jurisdiction in concurrent with Supreme Court. The person who is not in agreement with the magistrate's court can appeal to county court and the appeal court for this is supreme court of the state. The supreme court of any state will have trial and appeals division that deals with the differentiation of the disputes and appeals. The appeal court for this part of the court system in the state legal system is high court of the country. The high court is the top of the legal hierarchy in Australia. As a result it has both criminal and civil jurisdiction and is the ultimate court to appeal. It can resolve the interstate disputes and thus the federal system prevails over the state legal system. References 1. law institute Victoria, 2007, Australia legal system, Law Institute Victoria, ,electronic, 3-9-07, http://www.liv.asn.au/public/legalinfo/court/ 2. Law institute Victoria, 2007, Australia legal system, law institute Victoria, ,electronic, 3-9-07, http://www.liv.asn.au/public/legalinfo/court/court-The-2.html Question 2 Jurisdiction is the power of the court or the right of the administration that can apply their laws on a particular context or issue. In the absence of internet and e commerce, the Jurisdiction used to depend on the geographical context of the occurrence of the incident. The advent of internet is making the concept of jurisdiction more complex and the administrations are compelled to make new laws regarding jurisdiction in the issues involving internet. In relation to internet there are contexts that raised the question of the authority of the courts in various places. As the electronic communication involves the border crossing the internet is borderless. This needs a definition of jurisdiction of its own without relating to the previous understanding of jurisdiction. The law used to deal with the physical movement or presence that

Business Plan for a New Firm in the Music Industry Essay

Business Plan for a New Firm in the Music Industry - Essay Example The proliferation of technological advances in the current world market had facilitated numerous changes in the way business is done. The music industry has been revolutionized by changes in technology that ushered the internet which in turn spurred the introduction of peer to peer architecture and music file sharing. The digitization of music is also apparent in the advent of CDs, VCDs, MP3s, and the most recent advancement which is called streaming technologies. It is irrefutable that a new music industry has evolved, a sector, which began to take advantage of the benefits offered by these revolutions [1]. The utilization of new business models and strategies are essential in order for a business entity to efficiently compete in the current market environment. The new trend in the music industry posted radical changes in the overall industry value chain. It has streamlined the value chain by effectively lessening or fully eradicating some of the previously important players [2]. The most significant of these is the obvious displacement of traditional marketing channels by more technologically advanced ones. Brick and mortar distribution channels are now being complemented or fully replaced by online distribution systems [3]. These new trend necessitate the conceptualization and implementation of innovative business strategies to become profitable, capture a sizeable market share, maximize shareholder value, and compete head-on with other industry leaders. This paper will serve as a platform of a business, which will take advantage the advancement of technology in order to effectively compete in the new music industry. The creation of the company will show the responsiveness of a business entity to the new trend and changes in its environment. The Company The new changes in the music industry will give rise to the conceptualization of a company which will be known as eMusic Company. Business Operation The firm will be involved in the promotion and distribution of music of various artists of music labels and independent ones. Utilizing the present technologies available, eMusic will be employing an online distribution system of music in physical and digital format by establishing and building its own website where consumers can access their products and services. The website will offer a user-friendly interface where music lovers can find the songs that they want with the most convenience and speed possible. Realizing the new trend within the music industry, specifically the streamlining of the value chain, the company will try to bring artists with music fans directly. This will be done by adding a system where artists can directly upload their tracks and albums online to be viewed and heard by anyone online. Market Scope The evolution of a global market through the rapid spread and utilization of the internet technology will allow the company to service anyone in the world. The market scope therefore is a broad and as diverse as the total number of music lovers who have access to the world wide web. This eliminates the ageing population, as they are not usually familiar with the new technology. The most particular market segment to be serviced therefore, is mostly the young and middle-aged population. I. Competitive Environment (current) Figure 1 shows the recording industry's distribution chain. Since eMusic will be involved not only in the distribution but also promotion of music by various artists, it will be competing both with music producers (labels) and distributors. Production Production of music is currently undertaken by record labels which can be neatly classified in four major categories-major labels, independent labels, microlabels, and vanity labels [4]. 1. Major Labels Major labels are comprised of recording companies with over 100 artists. The labels' large number of artists implies a broad array of musical styles. Having huge financial muscle, these usually have national or international distribution

Balanced Scorecard & Tableau de bord Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Balanced Scorecard & Tableau de bord - Essay Example rspective regarding performance measurement systems, which are usually implemented with respect to their strategic and organizational relevance - their cultural and ideological backgrounds being generally disregarded. In addition, this analysis provides some insight into the more general question of the transferability of management methods. Over 20 years ago Steven Kerr wrote an article entitled “On the Folly of Hoping for A and Rewarding B”. The paper, now considered a “classic”, described how many companies performance measurement systems were rewarding different behaviors than the ones they hoped to obtain from their employees. This issue has received much attention over the last few years. In particular, Robert Kaplan and David Norton have published a series of three Harvard Business Review articles proposing a specific framework, called Balanced Scorecard, to facilitate the translation of strategy into action. The idea of having some form of balanced picture of company performance is not new in itself. Many companies have for years tracked and reported multiple indicators. Further, many countries have also had particular traditions. In France, for example, companies have been using a related tool called “Tableau de Bord” for over 50 years. The paper reviews and compares Tableau de Bord and Balanced Scorecard. The authors conclude that Kaplan and Nortons Balanced Scorecard represents a welcome addition and goes further than what most companies and countries were doing. The Balanced Scorecard approach to management control, as developed by [The Balanced Scorecard: measures that drive performance. Harvard Bus. Rev. 1992 (January–February) 71], has generated a great deal of interest, at least in academic circles and in consulting firms, and it has been promoted by its authors as a novelty. This is surprising for French accounting scholars and practitioners who developed a similar technique in the 1930s called the Tableau de bord. This paper critically

Art is life Essay Example for Free

Art is life Essay Art is life, it is beauty, it is emotion, it is you, it is me, it is everything. Art defines all that we are, and all that we could become. Art is of the past and of the future, of the influences of our daily lives, of our pasts combined with who we are today. Art is an indescribable joy, an expansion of the mind, body and soul. We are art, every last individual of the human race. Art comes in the form of music, dance, theater, painting, drawing, blowing, throwing, and even in the math equations or scientific experiments of the right brained population. Art is feeling, seeing, smelling, tasting and hearing. Art is here to titillate our senses, to create emotional and physical reactions to the viewer. Art is healing. Art is loving. Art is†¦ everything. The Value of Art After a distinctly self-contemplative night, I began to wonder what it is that attracts people to art. Certainly I consider myself an artist of sorts†¦ but what is it that makes me an artist? Why do I practice art? Why does anyone immerse themselves in abstract activities that, for the most part, do not add to financial security or other measurable values? We know that art has been around before written language. Ancient carvings and cave-wall paintings attest to an early drive to participate in artistic endeavors. I would say that our skills as artists have improved since the first cave paintings†¦ but I think there must be the same seed of creativity that connects long forgotten ancestors and modern artists. I think that the most obvious similarity is that dedicated artists tend to create art that reflects important aspects of their lives. When it comes to ancient man, what could have been more important than food and reproduction? Ancient art is ripe with images of hunting and pregnant women. As human society evolved into more stable communities, the art changed. Over time the focus on survival was supplanted with self-emulation. In ancient Egypt, for example, the art turned to worshipping the value of great kings and all-powerful gods. The same happened in most cultures. I doubt that common slaves of Egypt felt that preserving kingly honor for eternity was a motivating factor; slaves probably would have produced an entirely different art than what we  find in tombs had they the resources to create art. What is telling is that the art that survived from ancient times reflects directly the values of the people producing and preserving it: in terms of Egypt†¦ it was of the Pharaohs. European Medieval art reflects a mixture of pagan and Christian ideals. We can deduce that local kings whose roots were largely pagan mixed with the influence of Rome. The artistic work commissioned throughout this time is a constant reminder of those influences. Take this on up to our own time. An important note to take is that as the traditional religious values of historic importance in the west have been challenged in intellectual circles, the focus of art has strayed. Prehistoric art was focused on life and death†¦ ancient art turned to the afterlife and mysticism; modern art has no focus. I am confident that mass media and the internet have a large role in the change†¦ perhaps we are still too early in the new era to be able to define the motivating factor behind the art that will last; but I feel that the reality is that art has no focus in our age because it is not the secluded craft of the gifted and appointed.

Medical Devices in Nursing: Blood Glucose Monitoring Device

Medical Devices in Nursing: Blood Glucose Monitoring Device Melissa Cassar Write a short account of the devices used in your area of practice (200 words) As a reliever nurse at Sir Paul Boffa Hospital, I mainly work at the Dermatology Department which consists of; a Dermatology Ward, Minor Surgery Theatres, Follow-up/ New-cases Clinics with consultants, the Leg Ulcer Clinic, the Phototherapy Unit, Patch testing, Wart Clinics and Skin Tag Clinics. From this sub-department a number of medical devices are used, the most commonly used devices are: Blood pressure machines and stethoscope Used to measure a patient’s blood pressure Blood glucose monitoring machines Determines the approximate concentration of the patient’s glucose in their blood Hand held Doppler Used in the leg ulcer clinic for assessing ankle brachial pressure index of the lower limbs Thermometer A tool that measures and monitors body temperature Scale Used in assessing patient’s weight Measuring tapes Used to measure the surface of a wound Dermatoscope An easy-to-use tool used for examining the skin surface and making measurements of different skin lesions Choose a particular device for detailed study and describe the device and its clinical use (if applicable including interaction of device and ICT) From the above mentioned medical devices, the Blood Glucose Monitor or more commonly known as ‘glucometer’ was chosen. Glucose monitoring has become a major adjunct to the care of individuals with diabetes mellitus in the past decade (Colwell, et al., 1987). Individuals who suffer from diabetes and healthcare professionals are able to check and read blood glucose levels regularly by using these portable lightweight devices. These devices are often used in hospitals to avoid having to wait for laboratory glucose tests as the device returns a blood glucose reading in a matter of seconds. Predominantly, most of my working hours are spent in the Leg Ulcer clinic, where we treat and manage patients who suffer from leg ulcers. Diagnosis is an important factor in leg ulcers as it determines the correct treatment pathway. As stated by the Clinical Practice Guidelines (2006), a full clinical history and physical examination should be conducted on a patient presenting with either their first or recurrent leg ulcer and assessment should be ongoing thereafter. Required laboratory tests, physical examination and clinical history including previous and current blood glucose measuring to check for Diabetes mellitus, assess and determine the patient’s diagnosis revealing the cause of leg ulcer and identify the required treatment needed. Hackett (March 1994), states that most blood glucose monitoring devices consist of glucose test strips and a reflectometer to determine glucose concentrations in whole blood. Some systems depend on a glucose oxidase-colorimetric reaction that occurs when a drop of blood is placed on a reagent-impregnated pad. Hackett also continues that the test pad contains the enzymes glucose oxidase and peroxidase, and color indicators. When whole blood is placed on the test pad, glucose is oxidized to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide with glucose oxidase acting as a catalyst. The hydrogen peroxide that results from this reaction oxidizes an oxygen acceptor in the presence of peroxidase to form a color change, the intensity of which is directly proportional to the amount of glucose in the blood sample (Hackett, March 1994). Blood glucose tests are used to measure blood glucose and if blood glucose is high this results in hyperglycemia whereas if blood glucose result is low, hypoglycemia is detected. Screening patients who are at risk of having diabetes is essential as some patients show no early indication or apparent symptoms. This test is essential as a mean to prevent arising complications or deterioration due to an advance level of diabetes. In the Maltese Health-Care system, glucose levels found in blood by the glucose monitoring device are measured in millimoles per liter (mmols). All blood glucose measuring devices are small in size (fit in the palm of your hand) thus making them highly efficient in portability, are battery powered and are assembled together with solid-state electronics making the device robust in case of any accidents by dropping the device. The device’s accuracy is important as not only the patient’s well-being could be in jeopardy but may also result in a patient’s death due to severe undetected hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. Associated Documentation Title page of the user manual On Call Platinum Blood Glucose Monitoring System Sample output from the device List of persons in charge of device management – If device failure occurs, it is important for nurses to remove the device from service immediately, tag it with a label describing the problem and report the incident to the nurse in charge which will then be escalated by reporting the faulty device to the maintenance within the facility so it can be evaluated and repaired or returned to the manufacturer if required. Existing training procedures for new users – At Sir Paul Boffa Hospital, there are currently no training procedures provided to any new users. The blood glucose monitoring technique is supervised and taught by a mentor to any student nurses during their placements done during their three year course at University of Malta. If one of the new users has never learned how to use the device, an experienced senior nurse shows and explains the procedure to the unskilled nurse and helps the new user master the skill. Analyse critically the specifications of the device (list of specifications can be found in the user manual). There are many different types of blood glucose monitor devices on the market. Each device comes with a unique set of specifications according to the user’s specific need. The blood glucose device used in the Dermatology Out-Patient Department is manufactured by ACON Laboratories, Inc. and is found by the name of ‘On Call Platinum’. One of the features the ‘On Call Platinum’ offers is the measurement range which lies between 0.6 33.3 mmol/L (10 600 mg/dL. If the patient has a mmol/L reading of less than 0.6 or more than 33.3, the device will not be able to return a result. The result calibration feature involves measuring glucose concentrations in plasma and not the whole blood. Glucose levels in plasma are generally 10%–15% higher than glucose measurements in whole blood. The glucose meter uses an equation that has been hardcoded into the device to calculate the plasma equivalent from the whole blood glucose reading. The minimum volume of blood sample needs to be 0.8 ÃŽ ¼L. Devices requiring smaller volume reduces the frequency of unproductive pricks to the patient‘s body. The ‘On Call Platinum’ test time is five seconds. This results in faster, more accurate results and reduces chances for errors. Battery life can serve up to a minimum of 3,000 measurements (without con sidering data transfer and test reminder alarms) and therefore can be used for long term. The device is pre-set to either millimoles per liter (mmol/L) or milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) depending on the standard of the country it is being used in. Here in Malta, the millimoles per litre (mmol/L) is used. This specific type of blood glucose monitor has a memory storage up to 300 records with time and date and thus is ideal for keeping tracks and records of patients. Another important feature is that the device automatically shuts off in two minutes of no interaction. This type of specification helps in preserving battery life when the device is accidentally left switched on after its last use. The blood glucose meter size is 90mm x 58mm x21mm weighing 66g (with battery included), approximately the size of the palm of the hand therefore making the device light, easier to use and portable. Its display size is 41mm x 37mm with brilliant backlit display making reading the numbers easy anytime, anywhere. The ‘On Call Platinum’ operating temperature ranges between 5 45 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ and its operating humidity ranges between 10-90%. This means that the device operates in most environments. Another specification is that the hematocrit range needs to be between 20%-70% and if the ratio of the volume of red cells to the volume of whole blood (in anemic patients) falls below or is above the required value, it can give false glucose measurements. With the data port feature it allows information from the machine to be loaded easily on most computers using a USB cable. The device also has a strip ejector which allows easy strip disposal for the safety of the user. Last by not least, the ‘On Call Platinum’ also has an advanced testing feature of ketone, hypo and hyper warnings alert for each necessary action. Identify any physical and chemical agents associated with the device, and list precautions for patient and user safety, scrutinize the user manual to identify any physical and chemical agents impacting the effectiveness of the device. As stated by WorkSafe Services (March 7, 2014), a chemical agent is a term used to describe all chemical elements and compounds in a natural state or in a processed state and their by-products, the exposure to which insufficient quantities and duration may result in illness or injury to human health. In addition, WorkSafe Services (March 7, 2014), also states that physical agent is a term used to describe energies, the exposures to which insufficient quantities and duration may result in illness or injury to human health. Physical agents include noise, ionizing or non-ionizing radiation, extremes in temperature and pressure, vibration, electric and magnetic fields. In regards to the blood glucose monitor, factors that affect accuracy include test strip problems. To prevent this, strips need to be stored in their sealed container, kept away from moisture, humidity and heat. Extreme temperatures and altitude may diminish the effectiveness on the glucose meter and test strips so it is important to keep the device and its accessories at room temperature. Alcohol, dirt or any other substances on the patient’s skin will give a false reading. The patient’s hands (or the area which is going to be pricked) needs to be washed and air dried thoroughly before lanced. Improper coding is also a factor that affects accuracy. The user must make sure that the code number in the blood glucose devices matches the code number on the test strip bottle. The monitor can also give problems. The user needs to make sure that the test strips are fully inserted into the monitor and the monitor batteries need replacement if required. Not applying enough blood to the test strip is another factor that impacts the device from giving the correct result. To elude this, the user needs to be sure to apply a substantial drop of blood to the test strip. Sources of strong electromagnetic radiation are to be avoided as they may interfere with the devices’ operation giving an inaccurate reading. To acquire a very accurate reading the blood glucose sampling should be obtained from a fingertip as samples from alternate body parts have a probability to return an inaccurate result. Finally, if the patient is anaemic or dehydrated, there is a high probability of a less precise result. Scrutinize the user manual and list what checks must be carried out to ensure that the device is working properly before being used with patients. Glucometer controls are performance tests that are to be completed on the glucose meter, to ensure that the device is functioning properly. As instructed by Vickery Beinhaker (2012), the quality control process allows users to monitor the â€Å"variables† of blood glucose testing in order to consistently obtain reliable test results. It is highly recommended that this test should be done when a test strip container has been opened for a period of time, whenever a new container of test strips has been opened or when there is a possibility that test strips have been damaged. If the device is dropped, suspected that it is not working properly or the machine is repeatedly giving unexpected blood sugar results, it is important to ensure that such procedure is carried out. Moreover, once a week, there should be a routinely check-up to make sure that the device is working properly and to its full potential. With the blood glucose machine kit comes a control solution bottle. A control test consists of first shaking the control solution bottle for the glucose solution to be distributed evenly. Then, a test strip should be inserted into the meter for the machine to be switched on. A drop of control solution is to be applied to the test strip and the reading is then shown on the display. The given result needs to then be compared with the acceptable test range identified on the control solution package. If the value obtained is within the given range, the blood glucose machine is fully functional. Write a step-by-step protocol for the effective and safe use of the device (i.e., ensuring the purpose in using the device is achieved, that the device is used with patient and user safety in mind and checked before use). Include images of each step. Explain the procedure to patient and gain verbal consent. Collect the needed items to perform the procedure, that include alcohol wipes, a pair of gloves, single-use lancet (preferably auto disabling), blood glucose meter and test strip, band aids, sharps container and gauze swabs or cotton wool. Take the items to the patients’ area or to a suitable procedure area. This procedure should not be carried out in any common areas and the needed items should be preferably transported on a trolley and not inside any pockets. Assess the patient’s allergies (i.e.: latex sensitivity) and verify the patient’s identity using the two of the following unique identifiers: Patients first and last name and their ID card number. This procedure should be performed on a solid surface that can be cleaned and properly disinfected in the event of any blood contamination. Perform correct hand hygiene by washing your hands with soap and water or else by using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. It is also important to tell the patient to wash the site from which you are going to draw blood with soap and water. Alcohol wipes must not be used on the patient as this may give a false blood glucose reading (Burden, 2001) Put on a pair of gloves and insert the prepared test strip into the blood glucose meter. Wait for the signal on the blood glucose meter to tell you to put the drop of blood on the strip. Normally the blood areaglucose meter gives you a symbol, such as a sign that resembles a drop of liquid. Prick the patient using the single-use lancet. After, immediately discard the used sharps in an approved sharps container. Wipe off the first drop of blood as it could be contaminated. Draw and place the second drop of blood on the test strip. Wait until a result is shown on the blood glucose monitor. The meter will initiate a countdown sequence once the blood is applied to the strip and the meter detects it. The meter will beep or sound an alarm, when a reading is generated. While still wearing gloves, complete the procedure by detaching the test strip from the blood glucose meter and disposing of it in a sharps container. Apply a cotton wool to the pricked area and advice the patient to keep in place in order to stop the bleeding. Remove gloves and place them in the appropriate trash container. Perform correct hand hygiene by using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer or washing your hands with soap and water. Ensure the blood glucose meter is properly cleaned and disinfected after use according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and store the machine appropriately (i.e., in a storage case). Supply proof of own competence signed testimony of local person responsible for training confirming that s/he has observed you using the device and that you are competent in using the device effectively and safely and can check the device before use. Write a short account of (a) the patient perspective (b) the user perspective regarding the device. Discuss ways of enhancing these perspectives. One perspective in regards to the blood glucose device is that many patients find blood glucose testing to be very painful. Ways in reducing the chance of this happening is by pricking and drawing blood from the side of the patient’s finger rather than from the tip or pad of the finger. This will help with easing the pain as there is less concentrations of nerve endings on the finger side compared to the pad or tip of the finger. Additionally a patient can become distressed when a nurse has to prick their finger again, due to the lack of blood flow present to the tip of the patients’ finger because there might not be enough blood in the droplet in order for the blood glucose device to initiate a reading. To enhance this, before pricking the tip of the patients’ finger the user must hold the patients’ hand downwards to enhance blood flow into the finger tip. Many patients also feel anxiety during the whole procedure due to being afraid of what the result might be. Nurses should try to comfort the patient to help them feel at ease. Another patient’s point of view is being afraid of getting an infection from using a common shared glucometer device. Ways of enhancing this perspective include performing hand hygiene in front of the patient before performing blood glucose monitoring, making sure that the blood glucose meter testing strips are sealed before using them, by wearing gloves and opening the test strip in front of the patient to show them that a sealed unused test strip will be used. Moreover, from a nurses’ perspective, to avoid any potential hazardous risks, any used sharps should be disposed of immediately in a sharps container after pricking the patient and not leaving them lying around near any of the patients’ surroundings. Disposal of any sharps is essential and should be done by the user not by one of yo ur colleagues. Wiping the machine with 70 percent isopropyl alcoholwipes after use, properly disposing of the pair of gloves used and proper hand hygiene after every blood glucose test performed should always be done in order to sustain effective infection control. Due to the immediate result from the blood glucose machine, users such as nurses are able to see the test as life-saver in situations where the patient falls hypoglycemic, is unconscious or is hyperglycemic as it provides crucial information that can be used to make rapid decisions as opposed to having to wait for laboratory tests results. References Amoore, J., Paula, I. (3rd August 2002). Learning from adverse incidents involving medical devices. BMJ, 272-275. Barach, P., Small, S. (2000). Reporting and preventing medical mishaps: lessons from non-medical near-miss reporting system. BMJ, 320:759–63. Burden, M. (2001). Diabetes: blood glucose monitoring. Nursing Times, 36-39. Clinical Practice Guidelines. (2006). The management of patients with venous leg ulcers. London: Royal College of Nursing. Colwell, J. A., Dudley, J. D., McDonald, J. M., Metz, R., Raskin, P., Rizza, R. A., . . . Young, D. S. (1987). Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose. Diabetes Care, 95-99. Hackett, J. (March 1994). Portable Blood Glucose Monitors. Health Devices, Volume 23, No. 3, 64-97. Vickery, S., Beinhaker, K. (2012). Blood Glucose Monitoring (BGM). Performing Quality Control (QC). Interprofessional Clinical Practice Standard- Procedure, 1-4. WorkSafe Services. (March 7 2014). Biological, Physical and Chemical Agents- Definition and Reporting Requirenments. Occupational Health and Safety Act, 9(2)(b), 13, 42, 43(4). What Is an Organizational Structure? What Is an Organizational Structure? Introduction What is an organizational structure? An organizational structure is a formal system to arrange the jobs and coordinates the workers in an organization to achieve a companys goal. In addition, the organizational structure of layers is organized into a hierarchical structure. Moreover, the organizational structure is a good pipeline for channel of communication, arrange tasks, and set the roles, and the relationship of the one department between other departments in an organization. 1.1 A proper organizational structure contributes to effective management. Next, a proper organizational structure needs to have some positive effect. And these positive effects are creating by the advantages of an organizational structure. Advantages of an organizational structure are easy to control and appropriate arrangements the resources to each of the different department, making it easy for employees to know to whom to report by clearly defined reporting lines, minimizing redundancy by excluding extra and unproductive processes, help to reduce the cost because control center is from the micro level to control variety cost and the organizational structure offers main issue and direction to an organization. All types of organizational structure. There are four common structure we can found within organization such as entrepreneurial structures, functional structure, divisional structure and matrix structure. Each structure area there will be having its own management structure. First, entrepreneurial structure is to maintain and manage the large enterprise and an important joint venture. In this structure every play an important roles in relationship to the chief. In addition, this structure has an important pipeline to convey the authority for all levels of management, has a very centralized bureaucratic procedure and everything will be decide by top management. Second, functional structure is a general structure in any organization. This functional structure has divided the activities of the organization into different units or special departmental groups. While each functional structure is controlled by the top level of management. Therefore, this structure is hierarchical structure and centralized structure. Third, divisional structure is basically divided into three different market sectors in an organization. These three different market structures have different tasks. The three different markets are product divisional structure, market divisional structure and geographic division structure. The product divisional structure is a group of the employees involve the production of produce specific commodities then grouped into one division. Besides that, the market divisional structure is based on the market classification of the various operations. For example: business and corporate sale division, and consumer sale division. After that, geographical division structure is a part of an organization. Geographical division structure is a group of the employees located in one geographical location then grouped into one division. For example: European division and south Asian division. The division manager in each country needs to operate the decision making in everyday. Fifth, matrix structure is a system of management and also is a complex structure which includes multiple lines of authority. In the working environment of matrix structure has different professionals together and worker report is more than one person. In addition, in this structure has combined with the basic of functional structure and a basic of project structure. 2.1 What type of business should employ what type of organizational structure? There are many types of business operate in the market so that means the company will employ different types of organizational. There are four common organizational structures such as entrepreneurial structure, functional structure, and matrix structure and divisional structure. Entrepreneurial structure is suitable for small business and in the structure just have entrepreneur and employees. In addition, in this structure only have 1 or 2 people at the top making decision. Moreover, the entrepreneur has authority to control all over aspect of the business and employees by using this structure. Examples of business using this structure are cafà © and tutorial. Functional structure is very general in the organization. In addition, this structure can divides in many different departments. Besides that, this structure is suitable for produce single product and service. Examples of business using this structure are construction and manufacturing. Matrix structure is most complex structure in this four common structure. This structure to have good coordination and information when there is a wide variety of community organizations. Examples of business using this structure are Sunway Group, IOI Group and Berjaya Group. Divisional structure is separate into many departments so easy to work, allocate tasks and controls of their departments. Examples of business using this structure are hospital, shopping center and ice-cream company. 3.1 What is event management? Event management is a process through planned and organized by event managers. It is a broad term and encompasses the allocation, control, direction and analysis of many resources like time, money and products for achieving objective. Managing and planning event is an arduous task. Therefore, business organizations will outsource the task to professional service providers. 3.1.1 The kind of events that the writer manages. The events that the writer manages are make-up show, wedding fashion show and fashion show. These events my MonaLisa Events Management (M) SDN. BHD will help to find the appropriate places for each show, the tools, and the models and so on for satisfy the customers needs and wants and the services. 3.1.2 The background of MonaLisa Events Management (M) SDN.BHD. MonaLisa Events Management (M) SDN. BHD was founded in 2000; MonaLisa offers the most complete facilities and perfect service, we satisfy customers needs and taste and requirement by according to customers. Mona Lisa has come from different professional background of professionals. We use years of experience and mature technology to tailored the customers dream exhibition. Mona Lisa offers the show of make-up, wedding fashion and fashion. We offer the best service to every customer. In addition, hope they that can achieve dreams and successful exhibition. 3.1.3 The organizational structure that the writer want to use for my company. My company is doing about the management of events and manages many types of events. In addition, my company is take the fashion line so our company will needs more different departments to complete the tasks. So, I will use the functional structure for my company structure. Generally the advantages of functional organizational structure are many. But we can see the major advantages there is always occur in functional organizational structure. Firstly, infrastructure can encourage employees to career development. Secondly, because have qualification, talent and knowledge for specialized functions and particular roles are incorporated into sub-categories within company so these benefits had created a clear career paths. Thirdly, employees are arranged on the basis of their common interests so they have opportunity to learn a lot of professional knowledge from each other. Fourthly, skilled employees of the same group can also have the opportunity working with more skilled colleagues who share their professional interests and abilities. Fifthly, the control of functional structure is increased because employees try to supervise each other work. Therefore, the working environment had become productive and enjoyable because of the employees with the spirit of learning. Next, the functional organizational structure also has major disadvantages. Firstly, the organizational of its growing product line is strained because skills and abilities of employees are narrowed and only focus on own area of specialty. Secondly, the problems of communication between departments are always occur different views and opinions because the interaction between various departments are decreased. Thirdly, the flexibility of solving problems, make changes or slow responding to customer demands or needs are create by difficult to analyze which employee is more efficient and which is not. Fourthly, this structure final decision making have to be given from the top level of management because the strategic problems are not given focuses on significant. 3.1.4 The MonaLisa Events Management (M) SDN.BHD organizational structure. For my event management the writer have choose functional structure which need event director, programme coordinator, venue coordinator, equipment coordinator and hospitality coordinator under these department. There are several department as the writer mention above. Conclusion In conclusion, the functional structure is the most general structure in every business. The businesses can use this structure to allocate the tasks be in charge of different departments. In addition, the businesses can learn and understand the ways of how to use functional structure from the major advantages and disadvantages of this type of infrastructure. Moreover, the ways of communication and coordination of each department are very good. Furthermore, the larger organizations will have more challenges so that individuals have the opportunity to realize their potential. The most successful in organizations are small to medium size and merely deal a few product types and services. For countering the weaknesses my recommendations are the company can offers the training programmed periodical. After that, the company also can mobilization the employees to different each departments. Therefore, the employees can enhance their skills and ability. For reduction of conflicting opinions, employees on each department can always held a small discussion. The small discussion is an enable employees proposed and exchange their personal opinions and ideas. Next, employees on the organization can learn how to pay particular attention to services and quality. Then, looking for niches where they can serve customers. Sometimes, employees need to listen to customers about their needs in order to satisfy customers needs. Therefore, using appropriate organization will create good talent of employees and achieve the goal in every time.

The Case Of John Lacking Capacity Social Work Essay

The Case Of John Lacking Capacity Social Work Essay Within adult social care, people, issues, organisations and regulatory bodies are always involved in the discussions on risk and safety. Responsibility, duty of care, adult safeguarding and capacity are of concern. The balance of keeping service users who are viewed as vulnerable safe in society can be contradicted with living independent lives and being able to take the risks others take in everyday life. Therefore, perceptions and assessments of risk is an individual matter for each service user, the communities and society and is fraught with decisions and choices. Mitchell and Glendinning (2007) suggest that the states role and pre-occupation with risk management is under constant evaluation rather than exploring and seeking to understand service users perspectives of risk. They highlight the need for more service users and carers involvement in risks, decision making and protection (Parrott, 2006). Events during the life course such as genetic/biological factors, and childhood experiences can have a huge impact on the ability of the mind and body to develop and maintain good mental health. Ones life course can encounter a combination of stressful events which can test the human bodys ability to cope emotionally, which sometimes can trigger anxiety, depression and/or other mental health conditions. Risk factors which can have a negative impact on ones mental health can be addressed by influencing supportive relationships, a healthy lifestyle, stress management techniques and emotional coping strategies, in which social workers can be apart of ensuring happens. On an individual factor John could be facing depression/grief from the loss of his wife who passed away a year ago. John could still be in the seven emotional stages of grief (Carers UK, 2012). This involves shock or disbelief, denial, bargaining, guilt, anger, depression, and acceptance/hope. Social workers and other prof essionals should be aware that, there are no time limits on grief and no set pattern of emotions and behaviours that people can follow, everyone is different and grief does not always happen straight away. The risk factors for experiencing more serious symptoms of grief/loss of a loved one is that John could be at an increased risk of being psychiatrically unstable due to a decline of his emotional well being. The change in Johns life events/situation could have a huge impact on his mental wellbeing, not only because he has lost his wife but he was also a carer for his wife which would have meant John would have had responsibilities daily. Therefore John also faces having to deal with the loss of his caring role, which he may include him feeling guilty/ relieved, exhausted and alone. John may also feel angry that someone has contacted social services as they feel worried about him, as at this moment in time John may be thinking he is coping fine. Johns family/social factors may be a potential risk as John lives alone and his two children live some distance away and only visit monthly. John could be feeling isolated and due to lack of family support and limited social networks, John could be at risk of deteriorating emotionally and physically. John could be feeling a loss of control over his life due to these changes and he could experience all types of symptoms such as significant loss of appetite, diminished energy levels, suicide thoughts, depression, anxiety and many more (NIMH, 2012). The issues around the perceptions of risk and rights for mental health service users are different as people are sometimes perceived as a risk rather than considered at risk in vulnerable situations. Therefore, John could be at risk of being overlooked by safeguarding practices and his individual rights comprised by the Mental Health 1983 if he is assessed as lacks capacity, when maybe all John needs is some support in getting his life back together and learning how to cope w ith all his life changes. This would be a multidisciplinary decision and user involvement in risk assessment and informed decision making about risks to John and others (Ray, Pugh, Roberts Beech, 2008). Regardless of whether John is assessed as having the capacity or not to make decisions under the Mental Health Capacity Act 2005, then professionals need to raise the awareness of human rights and enable John to have these rights realised. Independence, choice, control and experiences and feelings associated with danger, fear, abuse and safety would need to be addressed with John. Sheldon (2010) suggests that in any case of risk management, the service user should have their rights explained, including their human rights and risk management should not interfere with the service users rights to dignity, respect and privacy as also suggested by the Care Council Code of Practice for Social Workers (CCW, 2002, 1.3, 1.4, 3.1). It is important that the key role of assessments of adults allows people to make their own decisions whilst minimising risk or harm. By placing John at the centre of the caring process, it would be the social workers role to discuss options of support for John as a first option. Fair Access to Care Services would enable the social worker to focus on health, safety, autonomy and involvement with his family and the community but without overlooking risks of self harm, neglect, abuse and risks to carers and others. FACS was launched in 2003 by the Department of Health, so that adults in need can be assessed for eligibility of services (DOH, 2003). It focuses on four levels of risk to independent living, which would be of use in Johns case. Risk taking is a normal part of life, however the social worker needs to ensure they have taken all the steps needed to minimise risk. With John by considering the consequences of actions and the likelihood of harm he could cause to himself, and discussing the benefits for independence and well being, a support plan for managing risk could be put in place with Johns consent (CCW, 2002, 4.3). Risk assessment will help in developing risk management plans that minimize risks (Coulshed Orme, 2006). The social work ers role would be to provide John with support to enable him to help himself. Under the National Health and Community Care Act 1990, the local authority would have a duty to assess Johns needs and to ensure thats services are available for John. Protecting and safeguarding John from harm, abuse and neglect including financial, physical, sexual, emotional and institutionally would be the social workers main role. An assessment based on the needs of John would enable the social worker to build a positive relationship with John, to gather the relevant information, form an overview of the situation and identify possible solutions for the best way forward (Parrott, 2006). Assessment and care planning will enable the local authority to provide practical and emotional support for John. During assessment and care plan the social worker would be able to treat John holistically, promote his independence whilst clarifying risks that can follow from decisions made independently and also being a ble to involve other health professionals to benefit John. Through the care plan, John would be able to access a wide range of information and services, designed specifically for him. Social workers use the Mental Health Act 2005 as a criterion to minimise risk of harm to self or others, however the downside for service users is that of potential threat to independence and freedom that sometimes makes seeking help a hard decision to make in some cases, therefore social workers working in multidisciplary teams and having the use of assessment and care planning tools, makes decision making easier. Therefore all professionals and John would have some responsibility for making decisions and every professional would have input into providing and sharing information to arrive at a considered decision (Milner OByrne, 2009). This also minimises the risk of one person being involved and making decisions solely without having the right knowledge or support to reach appropriate outcomes with John. The autonomy of John to decide whether to engage with social services, and accept that he is not coping well at the moment, conflicts with social services and his neighbours concerns of him putting himself in danger/neglect. The professionals would need good social skills and value the principle of inclusion into society and autonomy to enable John to make his own decisions and make positive changes on his own behalf. The conflict in this case is that facing the social worker in assessing Johns needs. On one hand, John doesnt seem to be coping well however he has been assessed as having capacity, but on the other hand, John is exercising his own right to self determination and autonomy as he wont accept any support. The issue the social worker faces is that of John not engaging if John is able to understand some of the presenting problems in his current situation. In order to assess whether intervention is required, three categories of risk may be required. Johns physical risk could be causing harm to himself or others. Johns social risk of becoming isolated and acting in a way that is considered outside of the social norm and emotional risk, his physical and emotional health (Webb, 2006). In the case of John lacking capacity the social worker and other professionals would be working under the framework The Mental Capacity Act 2005 (MCA) in order to provide protection for John, who is unable to make decisions for himself. The Act contains provision for assessing whether people have the mental capacity to make decisions, procedures for making decisions on behalf of people who lack mental capacity and safeguards. Professionals would be working under the philosophy of the MCA, which is any decision made, or action taken, on behalf of John who lacks the capacity to make the decision or act for himself must be made in his best interest (Coulshed Orme, 2006). The Act is also supported by its own Code of Practice which has to be interpreted when using the Act. It is important that all professionals working with John understand his capacity might be affected only for a temporary period. The phrases used in the MCA section 2 in relation to a matter and at the material time mea ns that capacity must be assessed on a decision-by-decision basis. Therefore, capacity may not be a permanent status and John should not be described as having or lacking capacity. The level of capacity needed by John would depend on the decision to be made. For example, John may need a lower level of mental capacity to make decisions about everyday matters, such as what to eat or where to go at this moment in time. Professional should ensure John has not been assumed as lacking capacity due to his age, appearance, and mental health diagnosis or disability/medical condition (Webb, 2006). In 2007, under the Mental Health Act for England and Wales, Approved Social Workers were replaced by Approved Mental Health Practitioners (AMHPs) with the role and remit extended to other disciplines. The primary role of an AMPH is to act as the guardian of the patients rights. The AMHP has the responsibility of contacting the patients next of kin and to help any appeals against the order that the patient wants to make. In the case of John not having capacity, the AMHP may control access to some services such as day centres, respite care, residential care and other community support services, if needed (DOH, 2001). The social worker would also need to refer to other health/social care professionals if not already done so such as GP, community psychiatric nurse, physiatrist, counsellor, advice services, specific therapies to ensure an holistic approach is taken (Ray et al, 2008). The consultation report on safeguarding adults in Wales In Safe Hands (WAG, 2000) found that people were c oncerned about the balance between safeguarding and personalisation, between choice and risk. Social workers and other professionals need to ensure people have informed choices and introduce support systems. Social workers will have a distinctive role in multiagency settings and will need to ensure they develop practices to enable service users with mental health to identify and realise their own needs. The team involved in working with John will need to have broad experiences and social views of mental health problems especially in regards to discrimination, oppression, civil rights and social justice. They will need to co-ordinate efforts to support John so that he does not have negative experiences and /or perceptions of mental health and ensure he received services fairly and equably. The social worker will work with John to ensure he is not a victim of social isolation, poverty, unemployment, insecure housing and limited social and support networks and will have an independent view in assessment and care planning (Faulkner, 2012). In Johns case risk management will minimize the dangers both to and from John. However risk factors are individual and differ from professional to professional due to personal factors and the degree of control they have over the risk. A risk can be viewed as negative and positive. Risk is associated with decision making processes and should never be made in isolation. Social workers must take every precaution to protect the service user and the public, as the law makes people responsible for behaviours whether or not they were the ones who took the risk, intended or not. Practitioners can be held liable for negligence and a breach of duty. Trying to predict possibilities and risk assessing is a very important part of the social workers role (Parrott, 2006). Part 2

Is Your Body Clear :: essays research papers

 ¡Ã‚ §Is Your Body Clear? ¡Ã‚ ¨   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   We, as Americans, are immersed in a society of products for sale. With so many items available how do manufacturers entice us to purchase their product over another one? They do this through advertising, or a way of promoting and marketing merchandise. Advertising is a very large industry, and many people spend their entire lives developing advertisements that the average consumer will see, and hopefully will believe. An advertisement is an example of a rhetorical situation. In this rhetorical situation, the advertisers use the concepts of logos, pathos, and ethos to draw the audience in and get their message across to the individual reader. They want the consumers to trust and believe them. Most of all, they want them to buy whatever they have to sell. Companies must rely on advertising a great deal, especially when a new product becomes available. It is crucial that their audience learns of the product and realizes the benefits of the new invention. Companies that already have other products for sale have a better chance of obtaining the consumers interest, especially if the company has a good reputation. One such company is Neutrogena. They have numerous products for sale for the face, hair, and body. One of their newest products is called Body Clear„ § Body Wash. I found this particular ad in a magazine strategically placed toward the front between two different articles. This magazine, YM, is typically intended for young females between the ages of 13 to 19. The target audience for the body wash would therefore have to be intended for these teenage girls. Before we can examine the ethos, pathos, and logos of the ad, we must visualize it. The center of the page has a large picture of the body wash with bubbles dripping over the side and the word NEW printed in black letters across the top of the bottle. Standing next to the bottle of wash in just a towel is the famous Neutrogena girl, Jennifer Love Hewitt. At the top of the page in big, bold, red letters appear the words,  ¡Ã‚ §Clear skin from head to toe. ¡Ã‚ ¨ Underneath this slogan is the caption that introduces the new body wash,  ¡Ã‚ §Neutrogena„ ¥ Body Clear„ § Body Wash treats, even prevents body breakouts. ¡Ã‚ ¨ To the side of the oversized bottle of wash are three bullets, and although very small are still very important. They tell us that the body wash contains an acne fighting ingredient which  ¡Ã‚ §dermatologists recommend.

The Right to Own a Gun Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Essays

The Right to Own a Gun   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Are you willing to sit back and become a victim of violent crime or allow the government to tamper with your civil liberties? In recent years, anti-gun politicians have attempted to control guns in the name of crime prevention this is an assault on the Second Amendment rights of US citizens . The Second Amendment states, â€Å" A well regulated Militia being necessary to the Security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed.† Not only did our Founding Fathers focus their debate on the right of people to keep and bear arms, they devoted energy to encouraging future generations to defend theses freedoms. In defense of gun ownership, Alexander Hamilton said, â€Å"If circumstances should at any time oblige the government to form an army of any magnitude, that army can never be formidable to the liberties of the people while there is a large body of citizens, little if at all inferior to them in discipline and the use of arms, who stand ready to defend their rights and those of their fellow citizens.† During our country’s development hundreds of law-abiding citizens were able to take up arms against lawless mobs to defend themselves, their family, their homes, and their businesses. They did the job law enforcement simply could not do. Lives were saved. Robberies were prevented. Homes and businesses were defended and left intact, all thanks to the Second Amendment to our constitutional, the right to keep and bear arms. Americans have made it clear they reject most government intrusions on their basic civil rights, including the right of gun ownership. According to an April 18, 1994 study by Penn and Schoen Associates, Inc. as many as 85 percent of American adults said they are unwilling to forfeit basic civil liberties even if it could enhance their personal safety. 75 percent agreed that police and the justice systems couldn’t protect them; people said they have to take more responsibility for safeguarding themselves. 62 percent said the need for personal guns ownership is increasing, and a majority is unwilling to accept laws that restrict gun ownership greatly. Guns, Crime, and Freedom states that, no gun law which restricts the right of law-abiding citizens to own guns has been proven to reduce crime or homicides, not even the Brady Law and the â€Å"Clinton Crime Bill.† These two laws st... ...f federal law enforcement agencies did their jobs with respect to guns and convicted violent felons using only GCA’68, as reformed, gun control would not be an issue and we would be a long way toward solving the violent crime problem. We would be getting criminals off the streets and into jail. Americans want violent criminals off the streets and out of their neighborhoods. The bottom line is Americans are upset about crime and soundly reject government solutions that infringe on their rights and liberties.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ultimately, it is a person’s choice to use firearms to commit violent crimes. So criminals should be controlled, not the guns which they share with millions of law-abiding citizens. Gun control supporters claim that gun control lowers crime rate. We as people need to take a stand and fight for our Second Amendment and the right to bear arms. Gun control advocates need to realize that passing laws that honest gun owners will not obey is a self-defeating strategy. Gun owners are not about to surrender their liberties or their right to bear arms. The Federal Govement of the United States should not be able to take away the right of law-abiding citizens to own a gun.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

The Film, A Respectable Trade :: Slavery Movies

The Film, A Respectable Trade In the film, A Respectable Trade, the account of slavery is different than usually seen. With an English backdrop, the cruelty of the trade was concealed. The slaves were not laboring in fields, but were being trained in house maintenance. On the streets there are no slaves, they are rerouted to the United States where they are traded. Although the slaves in the film are generally absent from the physical atmosphere, they are vital to the economic growth of Bristol, England. Josiah Cole exemplifies the plight of the struggling businessman. His dream of a better life is echoed in today’s capitalist society. His constant drive is to move out of his father’s small home and into a bigger house in a better section of town. He is a shroud businessman who works hard to be innovative and find a new demand for his product. The economy of Bristol seems to revolve around one product, which is traded and sold. This description of Bristol doesn’t seem very different from many of today’s capitalist societies. The one difference is the product that is being sold and traded. The humans that are being treated as cargo change the whole system from a thriving capitalist society to one of slavery. The town of Bristol becomes the economic center for slave trading. The slaves are seldom seen, but th e money gained from their trading is essential to the town. Cole is taking a business risk by bringing the slaves to Bristol; most of the slaves are traded for other goods by the time they reach the port. He is refining the product he trades in hope that it will fetch him a higher price. The more refined the slave is, the higher price he can charge. This simple business venture is made complicated by social standards because he is trading human beings. Watching this class process of slavery now, from a different societal standpoint, seems foreign. But to the slave traders, such a Josiah Cole, they ignored the fact that they were buying and selling human beings and avowed that they were involved in, A Respectable Trade. A Respectable Trade, portrays slaves in a unique light. Most scenes of slavery in film show slaves working in the fields of southern states in the 19th century.

I deserve to win Essay

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Comparative advantages and disadvantages of cone crusher

chamfer Crusher is astray used range, high efficiency crusher, bevel crusher according to the scope of use, downcast into gross, modal(a) and fine suppression three pieces on the current situation of China crushed ore concentrator plant of view, broken equipment powered by the standard grammatical case strobile crusher, crushing equipment uses a short head type cone crusher, has more or less finalized. However, Instead of employ crushing equipment cone crusher, Jaw crusher Is to use.For victorian selection and perspicacious use of coarse crushing did not prep ar, now they are briefly analyzed and compared as al lowlys. strobile Crusher (compared with the Jaw crusher) mall advantages 1, crushing chamber depth, continuous operation, high employment capa urban center, low power exercise unit. Compared with the same largeness to the mine mouth Jaw crusher, the production capacity is higher than the latter much than doubled, while electricity purpose per ton of ore is 0. -1. 2 measure lower than the palaver 2, work is comparatively stable, vibration lighter, littler basis tilt of the railcar equipment. Cone crusher weight basis, usually 2-3 quantify the weight of machinery and equipment, and Asia weight jaw crusher machine was 5-10 times its own weight orchestra pit equipment http//www. Quarry-equipment. Com/ stone plant httpwww. Quarry-equipment. Com/products/j-jaw-crusher. HTML In make energy, transportation energy saving promising.Greenhouse gases living 50 billion square meters of urban and rural construction, expression energy emissions accounted for deuce-ace of the greenhouse gas emissions, while the city has air- conditioning system energy consumption accounted for 50% of total energy consumption of the building. If you can start the zero emissions building projects in mom more positive cities in the country, this market will be very large.Currently, crossing vehicles, electric vehicles, give the sack cell vehicles and other research and evolution work in continuing to kick upstairs our country may be the counterbalance breakthrough in hurt of hybrid cars. Although we still lags behind in terms of battery, charging system, energy conversion metering control system, alone it also gave birth to a great opportunity. Stone crusher http//www. Stonecutter. Org/ stone crushers http//WV. Stonecutter. Org/Grammaticalness/Jaw-Crusher. HTML proportional advantages and disadvantages f cone crusher and jaw crusher By wayfaring type cone crusher, has almost finalized.However, instead of using crushing equipment cone crusher, Jaw crusher is to use. For proper selection and rational use follows. Cone Crusher (compared with the Jaw crusher) principal(prenominal) advantages 1, consumption per ton of ore is 0. 5-1. 2 times lower than the Jaw 2, work is relatively basic weight Jaw crusher machine was 5-10 times its own weight quarry equipment quarry plant http//www. Quarry-equipment. Com/products/c-awe-crusher. HT ML In stone crushers http//www. Stonecutter. Org/Gerrymandering/Jaw-Crusher. HTML